Posted by Timebusinesstoday.com – Of course Polinas’ friends have ever thought, what was the business world like in the past? It turns out that the business world has existed since ancient times and continues to develop and evolve until now. Here’s a look at how the business world has developed over time:
The early era of the emergence of human civilization
At first, people did not know about exchange because everyone tried to meet their needs with their own efforts. Humans hunt when they are hungry, make their own clothes from simple materials, look for fruit for their own consumption; In short, what he got was used to meet the living needs of himself and his family.
Era of money exchange (Barter)
Subsequent developments confronted humans with the fact that what they produced themselves was not enough to fulfill all their needs. To obtain goods that they cannot produce themselves, they look for people who want to exchange the goods they own for other goods they need. As a result, the ‘barter’ system emerged, namely goods being exchanged for goods. But in the end, there were many difficulties experienced with this system. Among these are the difficulty of finding people who have the desired item and are also willing to exchange the item they have and the difficulty of obtaining goods that can be exchanged with each other with an equal or almost equal exchange value.
The era of the emergence of money
The advent of Money made trading easier and more efficient. Money functions as a medium of exchange or medium of exchange which can facilitate exchange. People who want to make an exchange do not need to exchange goods, but simply use money as a medium of exchange. The difficulties of exchange by bartering can be overcome by exchanging money. People are also starting to think about how to get more profits in business. They began to specialize in producing one/a few types of goods/services because they realized that production costs would decrease if they were able to produce goods in large quantities. “Selling goods more expensive than production costs” is the essence of business activities that is still valid today.
The era of trade & shipping routes
Along with the development of seafaring science and traders’ awareness that there were other civilizations in this vast world, land trade routes began to emerge, followed by sea trade routes. Unique goods from other countries that other countries cannot produce themselves are a good source of income for traders who dare to look for them. Of course pirates and buccaneers were the main problem for traders in this era. Apart from that, there was a lot of colonization in various countries and trade companies such as the VOC and EIC emerged. One of the famous trade routes was the “Silk Road” and the Europe-Middle East-India shipping route, which reached Indonesia, in search of spices.
The era of the industrial revolution
The Industrial Revolution was a period between 1750-1850 where massive changes occurred in the fields of agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation and technology and had a profound impact on social, economic and cultural conditions in the world. The Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain and then spread throughout Western Europe, North America, Japan, and eventually the rest of the world. The terms “manager” and “management” appeared in this era. Factory/business owners are starting to realize that production activities require organization and procedures to run smoothly. Efficiency is the main topic.
The era after World War II
War innovation made an extraordinary contribution to technological development. Businesses are increasingly diverse in type. Computers began to be used to assist production operational activities. Multinational companies & conglomerates are starting to emerge in various parts of the world. The media revolution gave rise to television, radio, magazines and newspapers which became the main tools for promoting products/services en masse. In this era, the science of “marketing” is developing rapidly and to this day marketing is still a hot topic that continues to be developed.
Digital Era (DIGITAL BUSINESS)
The internet has become a marker of a new era for the world of business. The development of the internet in the late 1990s attracted the interest of many companies to invest in it. Currently, technology has become an inseparable part of everyday life. In fact, there are many giant companies that make profits from the technology sector, such as Google, Samsung, Apple and other companies. Innovation is the key to the main success of these companies. In this digital era there are more and more opportunities that can be turned into new businesses.